Mathematics

Mathematics — Year 9

British Curriculum · Ages 13-14

Year 9 is the bridge into GCSE, and the content reflects that directly: forming and solving equations and inequalities from worded problems, expanding double brackets, and a first introduction to simultaneous equations. Pythagoras' theorem and basic trigonometry (SOHCAHTOA) are taught properly this year, along with similar shapes and scale factors.

Standard form calculations extend to multiplying and dividing, compound interest and growth/decay problems are introduced, and circle theorems make a first appearance for students on a higher-tier pathway. Probability extends into tree diagrams for combined events.

Most schools use Year 9 performance to help decide GCSE tier (Foundation or Higher) — which makes this the year where strengthening genuine understanding, not just short-term marks, matters most.

Key topics covered

• Algebra — Forming and solving equations and inequalities; expanding double brackets; simultaneous equations.
• Geometry — Pythagoras' theorem; basic trigonometry (SOHCAHTOA); similar shapes and scale factors.
• Number — Standard form multiplication and division.
• Ratio, Proportion & Rates — Compound interest, growth and decay problems.
• Circle Theorems — First introduction, typically for the higher-tier pathway.
• Probability — Tree diagrams for combined events.