Chemistry

Grade 12 Chemistry (SCH4U in Ontario, Chemistry 30 in Alberta, Chemistry 12 in British Columbia) is required for engineering, pharmacy, medicine and physical-science programmes, and is widely regarded as one of the harder Grade 12 courses because several demanding topics arrive in quick succession.

Organic chemistry opens the course, followed by structure and properties of matter, energy changes and rates of reaction, chemical systems and equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Equilibrium is the pressure point: ICE tables, Ksp, acid-base equilibria and buffers build on one another, so a shaky understanding early in the unit shows up in every subsequent question.