Mathematics

Year 8 mathematics deepens algebra considerably. Pupils expand and factorise expressions, solve equations with unknowns on both sides, work with inequalities, and use straight-line graphs including gradient and intercept.

Number work covers standard form, indices, ratio and proportion, and percentage change including reverse percentages. Geometry adds Pythagoras' theorem, transformations, constructions with compasses, and the volume and surface area of prisms.

Statistics extends into grouped data, scatter graphs and correlation, and probability moves into combined events. This is the year that most reliably determines whether GCSE Higher tier is realistic.